Young with disability - ones can become assets and not liabilities

By: Chowdhury Md. Usman Ahmmady

"ASMA, mildly handicapped with a behavioral disorder reading in class one for two years and her younger sister Salma in class three were left in my hand while their mother went to a nearby shop for milk. At first, Asma had a shy look. But after a while she started beating her younger sister. I tickled her to change her mood to laughing, but she got scared, an opposite reaction to such an extent that she was very angry. Her mom saw that and beat her up badly breaking down in tears", said her next door neighbour.

This kind of negative punishment in response to an embarrassing situation created by Asmas is the outcome of overreaction from the frustration by the parents. It is said that more than two-thirds of families with disabled children feel that their issues are neglected and unaccepted by the local community. Their hopelessness spares no room for their disabled children to lead normal lives.

According to the recent report of UN Development Program, crrently there are in total about 650 million people living with disability, which is 10 per cent of the world's population whereas World Bank says that the percentage is double in the poor and developing countries. Regretfully, we don't have any national data on the actual number of the disabled. If we take the estimation of World Bank, the number of disabled persons in Bangladesh is 32 million, which is equivalent to the number of children living in UK.

As per the total quantity and categories of the disabled people in Bangladesh, approximately 28% are physically disabled, 32% visually handicapped, 22% deaf-mutely impaired, 7% mentally retarded, and 11% multiply handicapped, says Action on Disability and Development.

Bangladesh is still fighting with poverty. Poor and illiterate parents don't even know that education is the birthright for their child. Access Bangladesh Foundation claims that presently 1.6 million disabled children are deprived of education in the country. As 1 in 5 people are living on less than a USD a day, how can they support their disabled child's growth and development? They often take them to the street to start their life in the profitable business of begging showing the handicapped part of their child.

There are 78 government-run special schools, only about 1500 are being taught, out of which 69 schools are for visually handicapped, and seven for deaf-mute children, one for intellectually retarded and only one for training and rehabilitation. In addition to government's inadequate effort, about 15000 children are under the educational programme of around 400 NGOs, says USAID report on "Assessment of educational needs of disabled children in Bangladesh".

To achieve the Millennium Development Goal of Universal Primary Education and the goal of education for all children by 2015, the government has urged all educational institutions to take immediate inclusive educational strategies for at least mildly disabled students. But most of the time, the disabled children face institutional discriminations before and after getting admission. And Rajibs are the victims.

Rajib diagnosed with mental disability is the only son of an army personnel and one of the luckiest to manage a mainstream school. But his intellectual disability, lower communicative competence and stubborn behavioral activities left him with no choice but to leave the school for good and his father has to go on keep changing his schools for the same class for 3 years with no fruitful outcome.

The discriminatory mindset of the school authorities remains unchanged. In fact, "inability to learn" is often confused with "stubbornness". If proper training and supports are available, perhaps they could learn and perform near a normal child.

So, inclusive education is regarded as the most effective means of combating discriminatory attitudes. Besides, the class room teaching should be student-centred, not teacher centred, where the child starts working designing next steps.

To ensure that children with disabilities can attend mainstream schools, the government should provide them with an allocation of reserved seats, apposite growth-based curriculum, skilled teachers, special teaching equipments, and other needful resources.

The present government is giving much attention to the most discriminatory concern for the most disadvantaged section by proper implementation of the Disability Welfare Act 2001 with ensuring equal rights of persons with disability. In FY 09-10 government earmarked TK 636 crore as insolvent disable allowance, reports Bangladesh Economic Review 2010. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina strictly ordered the concerned government officials to implement the 10% quota system to provide jobs for the disabled this year. Nursing training, technical training centers, Healthcare Aid Center, special schools, sports centres would be in place soon, she added.

The disabled are not a social burden. They can prove themselves to be gifted with their excellence. Their success can comment on our compassion, on our willingness to invest in the notion of growth, education, equity. They just need support and care. Since 1995 to date, they have achieved 45 gold, 28 silver, and 28 bronze medals in the Special Olympics World Summer Games.

Consider the story of Ali Hossain who fought for victory in his life and became proud to get chance in the Kha Unit of Dhaka University entrance exam last week. As the first visually handicapped student, he secured GPA-5 in his Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) exam in Bangladesh.

Social disparity is the greatest barrier for the development of the disabled. Ali Hossain is one of the exceptions who became privileged enough to break social barriers.

The electronic and print media along with NGOs should come up with different mass awareness programmes to change the non-cooperative attitude towards disabled people. Even we can put more emphasis on creating awareness by providing chapters on disability in the text books. This will help normal children to feel sympathetic towards such less able children, resulting in the fruitful implementation of inclusive education system.

Persons with disability are not the social curse. Rather they are the gifts from God. Whenever we change our attitude towards the disabled people, thousands of the disabled like Asma, and Rajib would be able to play vital role in the development of the country.



The writer can be reached at jamdani85@yahoo.com